Hemimandibulectomía por ameloblastoma multiquístico. A propósito de un caso / Multicystic ameloblastoma hemimandibulectomy. A propos of a case

RESUMEN El ameloblastoma es un tumor odontogénico benigno, localmente agresivo y recidivante, con predilección por la región posterior de la mandíbula. Se caracteriza por su agresividad local con muy baja tendencia a metastizarse. El objetivo fue reportar el caso clínico de un paciente con ameloblastoma multiquístico derecho, tratado a través de hemimandibulectomía. Se presentó un paciente masculino, de 44 años de edad, que refirió aumento de volumen del lado derecho de la mandíbula desde hacía aproximadamente un año, acompañado también de otros síntomas, atendido en el Servicio de Cirugía Maxilofacial del Hospital Militar Principal/Instituto Superior, en Luanda, Angola. Los estudios imagenológicos incluyeron radiografía panorámica y tomografía axial computarizada. El diagnóstico clínico patológico fue de ameloblastoma multiquístico. Este tipo de tumor requiere de un adecuado diagnóstico sobre la base de la presentación clínica, localización, tamaño, edad y tipo histológico; de ahí la importancia de conocer las características clínicas e imagenológicas, pues el tratamiento conlleva gran dificultad (AU).

ABSTRACT Ameloblastoma is a benign odontogenic tumor, locally aggressive and recidivist with predilection for back of the jaw, characterized by local aggressiveness and low tendency to metastasize. The aim was reporting the clinical case of a patient with right multicystic ameloblastoma treated through hemimandibulectomy. We presented a male patient aged 44 years, who referred a volume increase of the jaw right side for around a year, accompanied also by other symptoms; he attended the Maxillofacial Surgery Service of the Main Military Hospital/High Institute of Luanda, in Angola. The image studies included panoramic radiography and computerized axial tomography the clinical pathological diagnosis was multicystic ameloblastoma. This kind of tumor requires an adequate diagnosis based on the clinical presentation, location, size, age and histological kind, therefore the importance of knowing the clinical and image characteristics, because the treatment is very difficult (AU).

A Rare Odontogenic Cyst in an Uncommon Area: Case Report and Review of the Literature / Um cisto odontogênico raro em uma área incomum: Relato de caso e revisão da literatura

Abstract Objective Orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst is a rare developmental odontogenic cyst of the jaws. It is a less aggressive intraosseous cyst identified by an orthokeratinized epithelium. Case Report A 50-year-old male patient with the chief complaint of swelling in the anterior part of his face, and, intraorally, there was diffuse swelling in the palatal cortex. On panoramic radiography, there was a well-defined unilocular radiolucency on the right side of the maxilla and palatal cortical expansion, and thinning of the buccal and palatal cortexes was observed. The histopathological examination revealed a pathologic cyst that was lined by a thick orthokeratinized epithelium. Therefore, the diagnosis was orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst. Conclusion The orthokeratinized odontogenic cyst displays characteristic clinical, histopathological, and biological features that differ significantly from those of keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), but it has a better prognosis and lower recurrence rate. Thus, other radiolucent lesions of the jaws, including keratocystic odontogenic tumor (KCOT), must be considered in the differential diagnosis.

Resumo Objetivo O cisto odontogênico ortoceratinizado é um raro cisto odontogênico maxilar. É um cisto intraósseo menos agressivo, identificado por um epitélio ortoceratinizado. Relato de caso Um paciente do sexo masculino, de 50 anos de idade, com queixa principal de edema na parte anterior da face, e, intraoralmente, havia edema difuso no córtex palatal. Na radiografia panorâmica, havia uma radioluminescência unilocular bem definida no lado direito da maxila e expansão cortical palatina, e desbastamento dos córtex vestibular e palatino. O exame histopatológico revelou cisto patológico revestido por espesso epitélio ortoceratinizado. Logo, o dignóstico foi de cisto odontogênico ortoceratinizado. Conclusão O cisto odontogênico ortoceratinizado apresenta características clínicas, histopatológicas e biológicas que diferem significativamente das do tumor odontogênico ceratocístico (TOC), mas tem melhor prognóstico e menor taxa de recorrência. Portanto, outras lesões radiolúcidas dos maxilares, incluindo TOC, devem ser consideradas no diagnóstico diferencial.

Abordaje quirúrgico conservador para el tratamiento del queratoquiste odontogénico / Conservative surgical approach for the treatment of odontogenic keratocyst

Introduction: The odontogenic keratocyst was recently reclassified in 2017 by the World Health Organization as a cystic lesion of epithelial development derived from the enamel organ or the dental lamina. It shows common characteristics to cysts such as slow and continuous growth; however, it arouses attention for its high aggressiveness and recurrence rate. Objective: To show marsupialization followed by enucleation as a definitive treatment of odontogenic keratocysts. Clinical case: A 63-year-oldwoman with odontogenic keratocyst on the left side of the mandible, treated by the marsupialization technique followed by enucleation. Conclusions: Although there are various treatment options, the dental surgeon may prefer the conservative method in the approach of the odontogenic keratocyst, because it presents the lowest rate of morbidity and relapse within the standards presented in the literature(AU)

Introducción: el queratoquiste odontogénico fue reclasificado en 2017 por la Organización Mundial de la Salud como una lesión cística de desarrollo epitelial, derivado del órgano del esmalte o de la lámina dental. Presenta características comunes a quistes, como crecimiento lento y continuo, sin embargo, llama la atención por su alta agresividad y tasa de recurrencia. Objetivo: describir la marsupialización seguida de enucleación como un tratamiento definitivo para el queratoquiste odontogénico. Presentación del caso: mujer de 63 años con queratoquiste odontogénico en el lado izquierdo de la mandíbula, tratado por la técnica de marsupialización seguido de enucleación. Conclusiones: a pesar de diferentes opciones de tratamientos existentes, el método conservador puede ser el tratamiento de elección del cirujano-dentista en el abordaje del queratoquiste odontogénico, pues presenta la menor tasa de morbilidad y recidiva dentro de los patrones mostrados en la literatura(AU)

Bilateral hyperplasia of the coronoid process: clinical case report with unusual presentation and literary review

The formation of a new joint between a pathologically enlarged coronoid process and the body of the malar bone is known as Jacob's disease. hyperplasia of the coronoid process was first described in 1853 by von Langenbeck, and it was not until 1899 when Oscar Jacob described the disease that was named after him. Jacob's disease is an uncommon entity with only a few cases documented in the literature. the condition manifests at first with progressive limitation of the oral opening and facial asymmetry. the pain is infrequent and mainly affects young patients. temporal muscle hyperactivity, cranial trauma, chronic displacement of the ipsilateral temporomandibular joint, endocrine stimuli and genetic alterations have been postulated as possible factors. the definitive diagnosis is by histopathology and it is necessary that bone hyperplasia is confirmed, as well as the presence of cartilage and synovial capsule forming the new joint between the malar bone and the coronoid process. we present a 10-year-old patient with a history of childhood trauma in the left preauricular region. it presented to our service with a history of progressive limitation of the oral opening. computed tomography (CT) revealed an elongation of the bilateral coronoid process, in contact with homolateral zygomatic bone, causing its deformation. surgery under general anesthesia was performed through the intraoral vestibular route. histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of Jacob's disease. we review the literature regarding the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of this condition.

Chronic Suppurative Osteomyelitis of the Mandible Treated with Antibiotics Complemented with Surgical Treatment: A Case Report / Osteomielitis Crónica Supurativa en Mandíbula Tratada con Antibióticos y Cirugía: Reporte de Caso

ABSTRACT: Osteomyelitis is an infection that affects bone and bone marrow, it occurs due to inoculation of microorganisms either directly or by continuous accumulation through a hematogenous way. Female patient, 64 years old, presenting an increase of volume of the parotid masseteric region and right submandibular region, with approximately two weeks of evolution, which had a slightly fluctuating, hyperemic and hyperthermic indurated consistency; the patient complained of severe pain. CT scan and biopsy was indicated. It is imperative to identify the causative agent; the use of antibiotics must be complemented by surgical treatment to eliminate the possibility of a remaining infection.

RESUMEN: La osteomielitis es un proceso infeccioso que afecta al hueso y medula ósea y que se produce debido a la inoculación de microorganismos ya sea de manera directa, por continuidad o bien por medio de la vía hematógena. Paciente femenino de 64 años de edad que presentaba aumento de volumen en región submandibular derecha refiriendo dolor intenso con evolución de 2 semanas aproximadamente, el cual era de consistencia indurada ligeramente fluctuante, hiperémico e hipertérmico; la paciente se quejaba de dolor intenso, se indicó TC y biopsia. En estos casos para tener éxito en el tratamiento el uso de antibióticos debe complementarse con desbridamiento quirúrgico, aunado a un seguimiento estrecho para descartar la posibilidad de una infección remanente.

Comparison of two types of biomecanics for deep overbite correction

To compare two types of treatment for Class II deep overbite malocclusion assessing maxillary and mandibular arches behavior in subjects submitted to full orthodontic treatment with standard edgewise appliance and those who used straight wire appliance. METHODS: The sample consisted of 50 patients treated with full fixed appliances either with edgewise appliance n=25, Group 1, or with straight wire appliance n=25, Group 2. In both groups lateral cephalometric radiographs were compared with those done at the beginning of treatment and at its end, in order to quantify the cephalometric measures 8 linear and 6 angular presenting the maxillary and mandibular arches behavior in the anteroposterior and vertical directions. All patients were treated without extraction or use of Class II intermaxillary elastics during the full orthodontic treatment. RESULTS: In both groups the treatment of malocclusion contributed for mandibular forward displacement, reduction of deep overbite and overjet, reduction of mandibular plane with anti-clockwise rotation and labial projection of maxillary incisors. CONCLUSIONS: In both groups the sample showed favorable mandibular displacement, reduction of facial convexity, and profile improvement with anti-clockwise rotation. The correction of deep overbite was due to labial projection and intrusion of maxillary incisors...

Alveolar bone loss induced by chronic ethanol consumption from adolescence to adulthood in Wistar rats.

Though there are literature indicating the bone loss due to alcohol consumption, studies on the association between ethanol consumption and periodontal breakdown in animals are either scarce or have provided conflicting results. Here, we investigated the effects of chronic alcohol exposure from adolescence to adulthood on the alveolar bone in rats. Wistar rats were exposed to ethanol (6.5 g/kg/day) in a solution of 22.5% (w/v) or distilled water (control) by gavage from 35 days of age (adolescent) until 90 days (adulthood). Evaluation of the bone loss was performed using scanning electronic microscopy, in which the distances between the cement-enamel junction and the alveolar bone crest from the palatal side of the first molar mandibular were measured. The measurements obtained were tabulated and analyzed using Student’s t-test. Alcohol-treated group revealed greater bone loss in comparison to the control group. These findings indicate that heavy chronic alcohol exposure from adolescent to adulthood can induce alveolar bone loss in rats associated to absence of periodontitis.

Identificación de tipos rotacionales y categorías auxológicas como herramienta diagnóstica en la predicción del potencial de crecimiento mandibular / Identification of rotational types and auxological categories as diagnostic tool in the prediction of mandibular growth potential

En la población joven venezolana las maloclusiones representan un importante problema de salud bucal. Resulta útil la aplicación de métodos diagnósticos cefalométricos como el propuesto por Petrovic que permitan identificar el potencial de crecimiento mandibular del paciente como un instrumento para seleccionar la modalidad de tratamiento. El propósito de esta investigación fue identificar los grupos rotacionales y las categorías auxológicas en pacientes venezolanos, de ambos géneros, entre 7 y 10 años, que acudieron a la Facultad de Odontología de la UCV, durante el periodo 2006-2010. Se aplicó el método cefalométrico de Petrovic para la identificación del tipo rotacional y categoría auxológica en las radiografías cefálicas laterales de pacientes sin tratamiento ortopédico ni ortodóncico previo. El tipo rotacional más frecuente fue el P1N, seguido por R2D, R1N y P2D; en ambos géneros el tipo rotacional P1N fue el más frecuente, sin embargo en el género femenino, también se observaron los tipos P2D, R2D y R1N. El grupo rotacional más frecuente fue P1NOB y en segundo lugar R1NOB. Los grupos rotacionales P1NOB y R1NOB fueron los más frecuentes en las niñas y P1NOB en los niños. La determinación del tipo rotacional y la categoría auxológica es una herramienta diagnóstica importante para orientar el plan de tratamiento más acorde según el potencial de crecimiento del paciente...

In the young venezuelan population, malocclusions are an important oral health problem. It is useful the application of cephalometric diagnostic methods as the proposed by Petrovic that allows to identify the mandibular growth potential of the patient as a tool to select the appropriate treatment modality. The aim of this study was to identify the rotational auxologic groups and categories in Venezuelan patients for both genders, age between 7 and 10 years, who had been attended in the Faculty of Dentistry of the Universidad Central of Venezuela, during the period 2006-2010. Was applied Petrovic cephalometric method for identifying the rotational type and auxologic category in the cephalic lateral radiographs of patients without previous orthodontic or orthopedic treatment. The most frequent rotational type was P1N, followed by R2D, R1N and P2D; in both genders P1N rotational type was the most common, however in the female gender, P2D, and R2D and R1N types were also observed. The most frequent rotational group was P1NOB and secondly R1NOB. R1NOB and P1NOB were rotational groups most frequent in girls and in boys was P1NOB. The determination of the rotational type and auxologic category is important to guide the treatment plan according to the patient's growth potential...

Juvenile dermatomyositis king hussein medical center experience

Juvenile dermatomyositis [JDM] is an uncommon, often chronic, and potentially serious childhoodsystemic autoimmune vasculopathy affecting primarily skin and muscles. It is characterized bypathognomonic rash, and symmetrical proximal muscle weakness.In this retrospective study, we reviewed the clinical, laboratory profiles, treatment and outcome ofJordanian children diagnosed with JDM in the past 8 years in a tertiary facility in Amman, Jordan.Sixteen [16] JDM patients, diagnosed based on criteria of Bohan and Peter, and have attended thepediatric rheumatology clinic in King Hussein Medical Center, from January 2006 to September 2013,were recruited. Their medical records were studied for clinical and biochemical profile, radiological andelectrophysiological data were studied as well. Treatment and outcome were also reviewed.Our cohort includes 16 patients, 9 [56%] males, and 7 [44%] females [M: F 1.3:1], their age rangesbetween 2 to 9 years, with average age at diagnosis of 5.4 years. Time to diagnosis varies from 2 monthsto 12 months, and averages at 4.6 months. Proximal muscle weakness was present at time of diagnosis in14 [87.5%] cases. Cutaneous signs in form of either poikiloderma in malar distribution, Gottron's signand /or heliotrope sign were apparent in all the 16 [100%] patients at time of diagnosis, periungualerythema was evident in 10 [63%] patients while abnormal nailbed capillaries pattern was only reported in6 [3 8%] cases.Skin and soft tissue calcification, crusting and ulceration were seen in 3 [19%] patients. Serum Lactatedehydrogenase, [LDH] was elevated in 94% and creatininine phosphokinase [CPK] in 88%. ElevatedSGOT [AST] was seen in almost all subjects, while ESR was high in 14 [87.5%] patients. All patientstreated with corticosteroids and methotrexate [MTX].Two [12.5%] patients died in our series, complete remission was achieved in 4[25%] of patients, whilepartial remission was seen in 8 [50%] of patients in our cohort.JDM is a rare disease that has the potential to cause physical disability, poor functional outcome, anddeath if not recognized early and treated properly. We focused in our study, on importance of earlyreferral, and aggressive therapy in improving outcome, aiming to increase awareness of families andgeneral pediatricians

Acurácia de medidas lineares em softwares de planejamento de implantes sobre imagens de mandibulas atróficas obtidas por tomografias computadorizadas de feixe cônico com diferentes protocolos de aquisição / Accuracy of linear measurements in implant planning software on images of atrophic jaws obtained by cone beam computed tomography with different acquisition protocols

O objetivo neste estudo foi avaliar a acurácia de softwares de planejamento de implantes sobre imagens de mandíbulas atróficas obtidas por tomografia computadorizada de feixe cônico (TCFC) com diferentes protocolos de aquisição. Foram utilizadas 10 mandíbulas desdentadas totais que receberam 8 marcações em regiões normalmente utilizadas para colocação de implantes (4 em região anterior e 4 em região posterior), sobre estas foram aderidos fios ortodônticos a fim de padronizar as regiões. Então as mandíbulas foram submetidas à TCFC com 2 protocolos de aquisição, P1 (voxel 0,25mm) e P2 (voxel 0,125mm), e as imagens analisadas por 3 softwares de planejamento de implantes, sendo eles: Xoran versão 5.0 (XR) (Xoran Technologies® Inc, Ann Harbor, MI, USA); DentalSlice versão 2010 (DS) (Bioparts®, Brasília, Brasil) e OsiriX 1.2 (OX) (Pixmeo®, Genebra, Suiça). Foram realizadas medidas lineares nas regiões de maior extremidade em altura, largura , e altura da crista do rebordo até o teto do canal mandibular. Exatamente sobre as 8 demarcações as mandíbulas foram seccionadas para mensuração direta por meio de paquímetro digital. A correlação intraclasse (ICC) foi utilizada para calcular a confiabilidade intraexaminador (ICC=0,997) e interxaminador (ICC=0,995) obtendo uma excelente reprodutibilidade, assim para P1 e P2 em todos os softwares analisados para todos os tipos de mensurações. Para análise da precisão, os dados foram submetidos a análise estatística pelo teste t de Student, analisados entre dois grupos, e posteriormente a frequência de significância foi analisada pelo teste Exato de Fisher. As imagens mensuradas no software Xoran com voxel 0,125mm obtiveram resultados mais próximos das medidas reais, assim como o volume total de imagens de todos os softwares. Os resultados mostraram diferença entre os softwares Xoran e Osirix para os diferentes voxels, sugerindo apenas o voxel de 0,125mm para o uso do OsiriX em mandíbulas atróficas...

The objective of this study was to evaluate the accuracy of implant planning software of images assessed from atrophic jaws using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) with different acquisition protocols. Ten total edentulous jaws received 8 markings in areas normally used for implant placement (4 in anterior and 4 posterior region) were used on orthodontic wires bonded to standardize regions. The jaws were scaneded CBCT 2 acquisition protocols , P1 (0.25 mm voxel) and P2 (0.125 mm voxel) , and analyzed by 3 implant planning software images: Xoran version 5.0 (XR) (Xoran Technologies ® Inc. , Ann Arbor , MI , USA) ; DentalSlice 2010 version (DS) (Bioparts ®, Brasilia, Brazil) and OsiriX 1.2 (OX) (Pixmeo ®, Geneva, Switzerland). Linear measurements were made in regions of higher end in height, width , and height of the crest of the ridge to the roof of the mandibular canal. Just about the demarcations jaws were sectioned for direct measurement by digital caliper. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to calculate the intra-rater reliability (ICC = 0.997) and interxaminador (ICC = 0.995) obtaining excellent reproducibility. For accuracy analysis , the data were analyzed statistically by the " t test , analyzed between two groups, and then the frequency of significance was analyzed by Fisher exact test. The images measured in Xoran software with 0.125 mm voxel got closer to the actual outcomes measures, as well as the total volume of all software images . The results showed differences between the Xoran and OsiriX software for different voxels , suggesting only 0.125 mm voxel for using OsiriX in atrophic jaws...

Presentación mandibular primaria de linfoma no Hodgkin / Primary non-Hodgkin´s lymphoma of the jaw

Se informa sobre el caso de una paciente de 80 años que presentó un linfoma no Hodgkin con compromiso de la mandíbula, con una tumoración de rápido crecimiento en el lado derecho de la cara, de 20 días de evolución. Se llegó al diagnóstico final de linfoma difuso de células grandes de fenotipo B (LDCGB), y la paciente fue derivada a un centro oncológico regional, donde pudo alcanzar una resolución casi completa del tumor

Cisto ósseo traumático da mandíbula: revisão de 26 casos / Traumatic bone cyst of the mandible: a review of 26 cases

O cisto ósseo traumático é uma entidade patológica caracterizada pela presença de uma cavidade óssea assintomática desprovida de revestimento epitelial, sendo raramente encontrado nos maxilares. OBJETIVO: Descrever as características clínico-cirúrgicas e radiográficas dos cistos ósseos traumáticos. MATERIAL E MÉTODO: Estudo de caráter retrospectivo dos pacientes diagnosticados com cisto ósseo traumático em um serviço de patologia oral no período de 1992 a 2007. Informações referentes às características clínicas, radiográficas e cirúrgicas foram coletadas. RESULTADOS: Vinte e seis casos de cisto ósseo traumático foram diagnosticados no período de 15 anos, 17 pertencentes ao sexo masculino e 09 ao sexo feminino. A maioria dos pacientes afetados pertencia às duas primeiras décadas de vida, não relatava sintomatologia dolorosa, bem como história de trauma na região da lesão. O padrão multilocular foi observado em apenas sete casos, dando às lesões uma aparência radiográfica tumoral. A presença de ar no interior da cavidade patológica foi relatada em aproximadamente 70% dos casos, sendo rara a presença de conteúdo serossanguíneo e seroso. CONCLUSÃO: A maior prevalência de casos em pacientes jovens, a infrequente história de trauma e o pequeno número de lesões com conteúdo serossanguíneo refletem a necessidade de se discutir a real patogênese do cisto ósseo traumático.

The traumatic bone cyst is characterized by the presence of an asymptomatic sinus devoid of epithelial lining, which is rarely found in the jaws. OBJECTIVE: To describe the clinical, surgical and radiographic findings of traumatic bone cysts. MATERIAL AND METHOD: A retrospective study was made of patients diagnosed with traumatic bone cysts at an oral pathology department from 1992 to 2007. Data on the clinical, radiographic and surgical complications were gathered. RESULTS: Twenty-six cases of traumatic bone cyst were diagnosed in 15 years; 17 were male and 09 were female. Most patients were within first two decades of life and had no pain or history of trauma in the affected area. The multilocular pattern was observed in only seven cases, its radiographic appearance suggests a tumor. Air was found inside the lesion in about 70% of cases; serous fluid with blood and blood only were uncommon within the lesions. CONCLUSION: A higher prevalence in young patients, absence of a history of trauma, and a small number of lesions containing serous fluid with blood reflects the need to discuss the true pathogenesis of traumatic bone cysts.

Florid osseous dysplasia: report of two cases and a review of the literature / Displasia ósea florida: reporte de dos casos y revisión de la literatura

Florid osseous dysplasia (FOD) is a benign condition of the jaws in which the normal architecture of bone is replaced by a fibrous tissue containing a variable amount of bone and cementum-like tissue. This lesion is most commonly seen in middle aged black women. FOD appears as dense, lobulated masses, often symmetrically located in the mandible, rarely in the maxilla. The lesion is usually asymptomatic and benign. However, a secondary infection may occur and its treatment can be difficult and complicated. This paper reports the case of two patients. The first one is a white woman aged 65 and the second one is a black woman aged 70, both diagnosed with FOD, revealed by secondary infections. The diagnosis was based on clinical and radiographic findings, as biopsy is contraindicated. Radiological and clinical features of FOD and its management will be also discussed on the basis of recent literature.

La displasia ósea florida (DOF) es una patología benigna del maxilar y mandíbula en la que se sustituye la arquitectura normal del hueso por un tejido fibroso que contiene una cantidad variable de tejido óseo y cementoide. Esta lesión es más frecuente en mujeres negras de edad media. La DOF aparece como una masa densa, lobulada, a menudo situada simétricamente en la mandíbula, rara vez en el maxilar. La lesión suele ser asintomática y benigna. Sin embargo, una infección secundaria puede ocurrir y su tratamiento puede ser difícil y complicarse. Este artículo reporta el caso de dos pacientes. La primera es una mujer blanca de 65 años y la segunda es una mujer negra de 70 años, ambas diagnosticadas con DOF, revelada por infecciones secundarias. El diagnóstico se basó en los hallazgos clínicos y radiológicos, ya que la biopsia está contraindicada. Las características clínicas y radiológicas de la DOF y su manejo son discutidos en base a la literatura reciente.

Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma of the mandible.

Central mucoepidermoid carcinoma are extremely rare tumors, representing about 2 to 4% of all mucoepidermoid carcinomas. They are histologically low-grade cancers, usually affecting the mandible as uni- or multilocular radiographic lesions. Effective surgical treatment involving wide local excision or en bloc resection, allows patients to have a favorable prognosis after a long-term follow up. We report a case of central mucoepidermoid carcinoma affecting the mandible and discuss its clinical, radiographic, and histological findings, with a review of the literature.

Frecuencia de trastornos temporomandibulares en el área del Policlínico Rampa, Plaza de la Revolución / Temporomandibular Disorders prevalence in Rampa Clinic, Plaza de la Revolución

En nuestro país, se han llevado a cabo, en las dos últimas décadas, varios estudios epidemiológicos sobre el tema resultado de la alta frecuencia con que acuden a los servicios estomatológicos pacientes con Trastornos Temporomandibulares. Los objetivos propuestos son profundizar en los conocimientos acerca de esta patología y evaluar la prevalencia de este trastorno en parte de la población cubana, aplicando las variables sociodemográficas de edad y sexo. Se realizó un estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal a una muestra en Ciudad de La Habana de un área de salud del municipio Plaza de la Revolución, correspondiente al Policlínico Rampa. A estos individuos se les practicó un interrogatorio para describir las variables demográficas y un examen clínico para identificar las variables del complejo músculo-articular. Los resultados alcanzados muestran una prevalencia de Trastornos Temporomandibulares donde se observa que el sexo femenino fue el más afectado, existiendo el grupo de edad de más de 51 años con más afectación y al examen del complejo músculo_articular el signo más predominante fue el ruido articular.

Due to the high frequency with which patients regards odontology services with Temporomandibular Disorders it has been carried out in two last decade several epidemic studies in our country on the same ones, which motivated to the present investigation with the objective of to deepen in the knowledge about this pathology and to evaluate the prevalence of this health problem in the Cuban population, describing their signs and symptoms in the studied sample, for what was carried out an observational, descriptive and cross study in the population of a sample in Havana City of an health area of the Plaza de la Revolución section, related to the Rampa policlinic with 10 clinics. It was practiced a questioning to these individuals to describe demographic variables and a clinical examination to identify the variables of the complex to muscle-joint. Reached results show a prevalence of Temporomandibular Disorders in the sample studied prevailing feminine genre and age bigger than 51 and to the examination of the complex to muscle-joint the predominant sign was joint sounds.

Osteoid osteoma.

Osteoid osteoma is a benign tumor of the bone which arises from osteoblasts and is extremely rare in jaws. Only 15 cases of osteoid osteoma have been reported in English-language literature. This case report is presented here due to its rarity.

Caracterización de pacientes tratados por Cirugía Maxilofacialen la Clínica CES 2005-2007 / Characterization of patients treated at CES Clinic by the maxillofacial service

Introducción y Objetivo: La cirugía maxilofacial se ocupa de la prevención, estudio, diagnóstico, tratamiento quirúrgico y medicamentoso de las patologías que afectan la cavidad bucal y la cara, así como las estructuras cervicales relacionadas. El presente trabajo se orienta a evaluar las principales causas por las que se realiza cirugía maxilofacial, los diferentes tipos de patologías, la edad, el género, los días de estancia y las complicaciones que se presentaron en los pacientes de cirugía maxilofacial de la clínica CES. Materiales y Métodos: Se realizó un estudio descriptivo, transversal, retrospectivo basado en la información tomada de historias clínicas de 648 pacientes intervenidos por cirugía maxilofacial en la clínica CES entre los años 2005 a 2007. Resultados: El tipo de atención que más se presentó fue particular 52.6%, el tipo de cirugía más frecuente fue electiva 90%, las causas más comunes de los traumas fueron accidentes de tránsito y lesiones por caídas, la localización más frecuente de las fracturas fue el tercio inferior y la zona más afectada fue el ángulo mandibular, el procedimiento quirúrgico que predominó fue la cirugía ortognática 55%, requirieron fijación intermaxilar el 30.7%. El 50% de los pacientes fueron hospitalizados y el 0.92% presentó alguna complicación. Conclusiones: La mayoría de las cirugías realizadas fueron electivas, particulares y ortognáticas, predominando la población adulta joven de sexo femenino, la causa principal de los traumas fueron accidentes de tránsito y lesiones por caídas, la mitad de los pacientes requirió hospitalización y el promedio fue un día.

Introduction and Objective: Maxillofacial surgery deals with the prevention, study, diagnosis and surgical treatment of disorders affecting the oral cavity and face, neck and related structures. The purpose was to assess the main causes for the performance of that surgery, different types of diseases, age, gender, days of hospitalization, and complications that were presented at the CES clinic in the area of maxillofacial surgery. Materials and Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional, retrospective study was performed. The information for analysis was taken from medical records of 648 patients operated by maxillofacial surgery at the CES clinic between 2005 and 2007. Results: The type of treatment most prevalent was private 52.6%, the most common surgery was elective 90%, the most common causes of trauma were from traffic accidents and injuries from falls; the most common site of fractures were the facial lower third and the most affected area was the mandibular angle, the predominant surgical procedure was orthognathic surgery 55%, requiring intermaxillar fixation 30.7%. The 50% of patients were hospitalized and only 0.92% had a complication. Conclusions: The majority of surgeries performed were elective, private and orthognathic, mainly of young female adults, the main cause of trauma were traffic accidents and injuries from falls, half of the patients required hospitalization with one day of average.